Many bio chemical reactions in the body depend on oxygen utilization. Supply of oxygen to the tissues depends on many factors like ventilation, diffusion across alveolar-capillary membrane, hemoglobin, cardiac output, and tissue perfusion. Oxygen therapy is required for respiratory failure in many conditions like severe asthma, chronic bronchitis, pneumonia, and myocardial infarction, etc.
Oxygen therapy is the process where consumer receives oxygen that is supplemental oxygen administered for the purpose of relieving low levels of oxygen in the blood. Oxygen therapy increases collagen and elastin, heals micro fractures and fissures, and has anti-inflammatory effect on the skin.
The primary goal of oxygen therapy is to correct alveolar and/or tissue hypoxia. Therefore, any disorder causing hypoxia is a potential indication for oxygen administration. But the tissue oxygen delivery depends upon an adequate function of cardiovascular (cardiac output and flow), haematological (hb and its affinity for oxygen) and the respiratory (arterial oxygen pressure) systems. Therefore, tissue hypoxia is not relieved by oxygen therapy alone – functioning of all the three organ systems also needs to be improved.
The respiratory system is concerned with the delivery of an adequate amount of oxygen to
and elimination of a corresponding amount of carbon dioxide from the cells of the body and
maintenance of normal acid-base balance in the body. Proper supply of oxygen and elimination of carbon dioxide from various tissues of the body depends on the optimal functioning of
various parts of the respiratory system like chest wall and respiratory muscles, airways and lungs, CNS ( Central nervous system including medullary respiratory centres), spinal cord, and endocrine system. A disorder in any portion of these systems can lead to respiratory failure.
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Source: futurehealthcare magazine Contributed by: DMSMedwire Research JSG Team
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